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Abstract As a typical two-dimensional material, graphene oxide (GO) exhibits good coverage and lubricity. Its surface and edges are functionalized with abundant hydroxyl (-OH), epoxy (-O-), and carboxyl (-COOH) groups, which can adsorb onto cement particle surfaces and reduce surface energy, thus making it a potential grinding aid for cement. This study investigates the effects of GO, uesd alone or in combined with triisopropanolamine (TIPA), on the physical properties and early hydration of Portland cement. The results indicate that GO effectively optimizes the cement particle size distribution, outperforming TIPA in reducing coarse particles >65 μm, and their combination yields a narrower particle size distribution. In terms of physical properties, both GO and TIPA enhance the early-age (3 d and 7 d) compressive strength of cement mortar by increasing the content of critical particles in the 3~32 μm range. Regarding hydration behavior, both additives promote early cement hydration, as evidenced by an increased peak heat release rate, earlier appearance of characteristic peaks, and increased cumulative heat release at 7 d. Both XRD and TG analyses confirmed that this promotional effect originates from the enhanced formation of early hydration product CH by the sole addition of either GO or TIPA.
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Published: 26 May 2026
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2026, Vol. 0 
