Abstract To address the challenge of utilizing industrial solid waste, specifically phosphogypsum, in conjunction with carbon reduction efforts in the cement industry, this study conducted laboratory carbonation experiments using acidic raw phosphogypsum, neutral raw phosphogypsum and sieved neutral phosphogypsum. The mineralized products were analyzed, and the effect of phosphogypsum conversion rate on the substitution level of mineralized products for limestone in cement raw meal was quantitatively evaluated. The results indicate that the pH of phosphogypsum exerts a negligible effect on its conversion rate. The sieved phosphogypsum, characterized by a finer particle size than raw counterpart, demonstrates a higher conversion rate, which leads to a significant increase in the production of calcium carbonate—the primary mineralized product used as a substitute for limestone in cement raw meal. Owing to operational limits on the SO3 content of limestone fed into the cement kiln, an elevated conversion rate corresponds to a higher proportion of mineralized calcium carbonate used as a limestone substitute. This research elucidates a potential technological pathway for the synergistic disposal of phosphogypsum and carbon emission reduction in the cement industry, providing valuable insights for practical application.
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Published: 27 August 2026
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