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Abstract This paper systematically studied the effects of Si/Al and Na/Al on the setting time of low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymers under different water-binder ratios. Through scanning electron microscopy analysis, the effect of element ratio on the setting time of low calcium fly ash-based geopolymers was explained at the microscopic level. The results show that the initial and final setting times of low calcium fly ash-based geopolymers increase with the increase of the water-binder ratio. Under the conditions of different water-binder ratios, the initial and final setting times of low calcium fly ash-based geopolymers decrease with the increase of Si/Al, but increase with the increase of Na/Al. Compared with Na, Si element has a more significant effect on the setting time of geopolymers during the coagulation process. When the water-binder ratio is 0.45, Si/Al is 2.0 and Na/Al is 2.3, the initial and final setting times of the geopolymer are 49 min and 109 min respectively, and the setting time is better at this time.
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Published: 28 November 2025
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